
Japan · East Asia
East Asia & Pacific

CIA World Factbook / national censuses
Pick your passport to see whether you can enter Japan — and what it takes to stay.
Entry rules come from github.com/imorte/passport-index-data, updated 17 February 2026. They change without notice — confirm with the official immigration service before booking.
Japan issues your residence card at the airport, but the card alone is not enough — you must register your address at your ward office within fourteen days, and that registration is what unlocks health insurance, banking and a phone contract. Sendai hosts one of Japan's eight regional immigration bureaux, covering Miyagi, Fukushima, Yamagata, Iwate, Akita and Aomori, so decisions on extensions and status changes are taken in the city you live in rather than referred elsewhere.
Read the full step-by-step guideConverting a foreign licence — gaimen kirikae — requires a knowledge check and, for most countries, a practical test on a closed course that is notoriously exacting. A defined list of countries is exempt. The rules tightened nationally on 1 October 2025: a jūminhyō is now compulsory for every applicant, so short-stay visitors are shut out of the route, and the knowledge check went from ten questions at 70% to fifty questions at 90%. An International Driving Permit is valid for one year only. Sendai has only two subway lines, so a great deal of the city is bus-served and a car is more useful here than in a comparable western Japanese city — with the added condition that winter tyres are not optional.
Read the full step-by-step guideJapanese banks vary enormously in how they treat new foreign residents, and several major banks effectively require six months of residence before opening a full account. Japan Post Bank and the online banks are the usual first stop because they do not. You need ward registration first. 77 Bank is the dominant regional institution across Miyagi and is what local employers and landlords expect to see.
Read the full step-by-step guideEnrolment is a legal obligation, not a choice. Once enrolled you pay 30% of the cost of most treatment at the point of care and the scheme pays the rest, with a monthly ceiling that caps catastrophic costs. Pension enrolment is equally compulsory — and if you leave Japan you can claim a lump-sum withdrawal of part of what you paid, which a great many departing residents never do. What Sendai adds is a civic infrastructure built around emergency response since 2011, which is worth understanding in advance rather than during an event.
Read the full step-by-step guideJapanese mobile has historically been expensive, dominated by three carriers with long contracts and heavy handset subsidies. Government pressure changed that, and the low-cost sub-brands and MVNOs now offer genuinely cheap plans on the same networks. You need a residence card and usually a Japanese bank account or credit card. In Sendai there is one extra consideration that is not optional: the handset you carry must receive the national Earthquake Early Warning and J-Alert broadcasts.
Read the full step-by-step guideMost employees never file a return — the employer's year-end adjustment handles it. The two things that catch foreign residents are residence tax, calculated on last year's income and billed from the following June, and the distinction between non-permanent and permanent tax residence, which decides whether Japan taxes your foreign income at all. The Sendai detail worth knowing is the shape of the bill: a flat per-capita floor of ¥6,200 a year, the highest of Japan's major cities, because Miyagi adds a ¥1,200 environmental surcharge to the prefectural portion — plus 10% of last year's income split 8% city and 2% prefecture because Sendai is a designated city.
Read the full step-by-step guideEach guide has verified costs, timelines, required documents, and the non-obvious gotchas — sourced from official government pages. Last verified August 2026.
Reading a list isn’t learning it. Globe Quest turns these into a trainer — hear each phrase spoken, drill them with spaced repetition, and get scored as you say them out loud.
On 16 December 2011 Sendai designated a strip of the coastal parts of Wakabayashi and Miyagino wards as a disaster hazard zone under the Building Standards Act — the city's 'category 5' zone — in which new residential building and residential extension are prohibited. The line was drawn where the city's reconstruction planning predicted tsunami inundation would still exceed two metres even after every planned defence was built, and households inside it were supported to relocate. If you are looking at coastal land or a very cheap plot east of the Sendai Tōbu Road, this is the first thing to check and it is unambiguous when you do.
Japanese law requires you to register your address at the ward office covering it within fourteen days of moving in. Sendai's wards are Aoba, Miyagino, Wakabayashi, Taihaku and Izumi, and they are not interchangeable — Aoba alone runs from the city centre out to Akiu's hot springs in the mountains. Registration produces the jūminhyō and triggers your My Number, and without it you cannot enrol in health insurance, open most bank accounts or complete a phone contract.
The tsunami risk is mapped, bounded and east of the city. The hazard that catches people looking at pleasant, leafy, 1970s hillside housing in western Aoba and Taihaku is different: large areas of those new towns were built on cut-and-fill terraces, and embankment failures damaged houses there in both the 1978 Miyagi-ken-oki earthquake and again in 2011. Sendai publishes mapping of large-scale filled development land alongside its other hazard maps. Ask the agent, and look the address up — the surface of a finished street tells you nothing about what is under it.
Sendai hosts one of Japan's eight regional immigration bureaux, serving Miyagi, Fukushima, Yamagata, Iwate, Akita and Aomori. That means extensions and status changes are decided here rather than referred to another city — a real advantage over a branch office. It also means the counter serves a region of several million people from one building, so file an extension from three months before expiry rather than in the final fortnight.
The per-capita portion of residence tax from FY2024 is ¥3,000 to Sendai City plus ¥2,200 to Miyagi Prefecture plus ¥1,000 for the national Forest Environment Tax — ¥6,200 a year regardless of income. The prefectural figure is ¥1,200 above the ¥1,000 standard because of the みやぎ環境税, an environmental surcharge running from FY2011 through FY2032. Against Saitama's ¥5,000 it is a small sum, but it is the largest such surcharge of the four Japanese cities here and it is the line on a first bill that people cannot otherwise account for.
The Namboku Line has run north–south since 1987; the Tōzai Line opened on 6 December 2015 and runs east–west from Yagiyama Zoological Park through the centre to Arai. They cross at Sendai Station. That is the whole rail network inside the city, so a great deal of Sendai is on buses, and where a flat sits relative to those two lines is the single biggest daily-life variable in a search here. The Tōzai Line in particular reshaped where it is pleasant to live, and rents along it have not entirely caught up.
Tohoku University, Miyagi University, Tohoku Institute of Technology, AIST Tohoku
Tohoku University is one of Japan's former imperial universities and the research anchor of the whole region, with strengths in materials, spintronics and disaster science that spin out into local companies.
The Tōhoku branches of the megabanks, the trading houses, the general contractors and the electronics majors
Sendai is the textbook Japanese 'branch-office economy' — most large employers here are the regional arm of a Tokyo company. It means plentiful white-collar work and a career that periodically involves being transferred somewhere else.
Iris Ohyama, 77 Bank, Fujisaki, Sendai Aeon operations, Kahoku Shimpō
Iris Ohyama is one of the few genuinely national consumer brands headquartered in the city rather than branch-managed from it, and 77 Bank is the dominant regional financial institution.
Tokyo Electron Miyagi, Sony Semiconductor, Alps Alpine, Murata regional plants
The semiconductor equipment and device cluster sits mostly in the prefecture around Sendai rather than inside the city — Tokyo Electron's Miyagi plant is at Taiwa, half an hour north — so a job here can easily mean a commute out of the city.
IRIDeS at Tohoku University, JICA and UN-linked programmes, engineering consultancies
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 was adopted at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held here in March 2015, and the city has built a genuine international specialism around resilience research and training.
Miyagi rice and sake producers, Shiogama and Ishinomaki fisheries, Sendai miso and kamaboko makers
Miyagi is a major rice and sake prefecture and its Pacific fishing ports are among Japan's most important — the food economy is a real employer across the region rather than a tourist line.
Neighborhood · Aoba ward, central
A broad central boulevard with a planted pedestrian median under mature zelkova trees, running a few blocks parallel to the main shopping arcades.
Local tip: This is where the phrase 'city of trees' comes from and where the city holds its two best events: the Jozenji Streetjazz Festival in September and the Pageant of Starlight, when the whole avenue is lit through December. The median is a genuine park rather than a strip — people sit and eat lunch on it. In August, note that Tanabata takes over the arcades one street south, not this one.
Landmark · Aoba ward, on Mount Aoba and across the river
The hilltop site of Date Masamune's castle, founded in 1601, with the best view over the city, and his lacquered mausoleum in a cedar grove on the opposite bank.
Local tip: The castle itself is gone — what you go for is the stone walls, the view and the equestrian statue. Zuihōden is the better of the two: a small, intensely decorated Momoyama-style mausoleum rebuilt after 1945, up a long flight of steps through old cedars. Do them in one afternoon; they are a short bus ride apart and both are near Tohoku University's Kawauchi campus.
Culture · Wakabayashi ward, on the coast
A four-storey school building left standing where the tsunami of 11 March 2011 reached its second floor, preserved by the city and open to the public as a memorial and record.
Local tip: It is free, it takes about an hour, and it is the clearest single explanation of what happened on this coast — the water line is marked on the walls and the ground floor is left as it was. Around 320 people sheltered on the upper floors and roof and were rescued by helicopter. The surrounding land is inside the designated hazard zone and is now open ground, which is itself part of what the site shows you. Go on a clear day and walk out to the coastal levee afterwards.
Nightlife · Aoba ward, central
The largest entertainment district north of Tokyo — a dense grid of izakaya, standing bars, snack bars and gyūtan restaurants a few minutes from Sendai Station.
Local tip: Start with gyūtan, which is a Sendai invention and best in a specialist shop rather than a general izakaya — it comes as a set with barley rice and oxtail soup and you order by thickness. Then work outward from the main street; the small counters on the side alleys are better and cheaper. Sendai drinks on weeknights in a way regional Japanese cities often do not, because of the university and the branch offices.
Nature · Taihaku ward, 30–40 minutes west by bus or car
A thousand-year-old hot spring town in a river valley, with a short gorge walk of sculpted rock and a large waterfall further upstream — and still inside the city boundary.
Local tip: This is the thing residents use and visitors miss. The Rairaikyō gorge walk takes forty minutes and is genuinely beautiful in late October; Akiu Ōtaki waterfall is a separate trip further up the valley. Several ryokan open their baths to day visitors for a small fee, which makes a Sunday afternoon here one of the best value things you can do in Sendai.
Nature · Miyagi Prefecture, ~40 minutes by JR
A bay of hundreds of pine-covered islets, counted among the classical three great views of Japan, with Zuiganji temple's cedar avenue behind the waterfront.
Local tip: Take the JR Senseki Line rather than driving, get off at Matsushima-Kaigan, and go to Zuiganji and Entsūin before the boat trip — the temples are the substantial part and the cruise is twenty minutes of pines. Godaidō, the small hall on the rocks, is reached by a bridge with gaps in the planking, which was deliberate. The islands absorbed much of the 2011 wave, which is why the waterfront survived comparatively well.
Side-by-side cost of living, language, climate and careers — to help you choose.